8.OB3

Describe the location, secretion, and functions of the major endocrine glands. 1.Hypothalamus a.Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) i.Produced in hypothalamus ii.Stored in posterior pituitary 2.• Oxytocin Hormone (OT) i.Produced in hypothalamus ii.Stored in posterior pituitary 3.Pituitary Gland-found in the hypophyseal fossa “Sella Turcica” 4.Anterior Pituitary (adenohypophysis) a.Human Growth Hormone (HGH) i.Targets cells stimulating growth b.Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) i.Targets thyroid gland c.Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) i.Targets adrenal cortex 5.Posterior Pituitary (neurohypophysis) a.Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH); also known as vasopressin i.Neural stimulus releases ADH to target kidneys for water retention b.Oxytocin Hormone (OT) i.Neural stimulus releases (OT)to target uterus for child birthing ii.Neural stimulus releases (OT)to target breast tissue for milk let down 6.Thyroid Gland-found inferior to the larynx a.Thyroxine (T4) i.Targets cells increasing metabolism b.Triiodothyronine (T3) i.Targets cells increasing metabolism 7.Adrenal Gland-found atop the kidneys a.Adrenal Cortex i.Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) 1.Stimulates the release of cortisol b.Cortisol i.Coping with long term stress ii.Anti-inflammatory by suppressing white blood cells c.Adrenal Medulla-sympathetic stimulus for sustained “Fight or Flight” i.Epinephrine- (adrenaline) - increasing cell metabolism ii.Norepinephrine- (noradrenaline) - increasing cell metabolism 8.Pancreas Gland-Exocrine/Endocrine gland in LUQ posterior to the stomach a.Insulin i.Released from beta cells to target cells to decrease blood sugar b.Glucagon i.Released from alpha cells to break down glycogen to increase blood sugar