Grade K

Motion and Stability: Forces and Interactions

Energy

From Molecules to Organisms: Structures and Processes

Earth's Systems

Earth and Human Activity

Engineering Design

Science and Engineering Practices

Disciplinary Core Ideas

Crosscutting Concepts

Students who demonstrate understanding can:

Students who demonstrate understanding can:

Students who demonstrate understanding can:

Students who demonstrate understanding can:

Students who demonstrate understanding can:

Students who demonstrate understanding can:

Analyzing and Interpreting Data

Asking Questions and Defining Problems

Constructing Explanations and Designing Solutions

Developing and Using Models

Obtaining, Evaluating, and Communicating Information

Planning and Carrying Out Investigations

Scientific Investigations Use a Variety of Methods

Scientific Knowledge is Based on Empirical Evidence

Forces and Motion

Types of Interactions

Conservation of Energy and Energy Transfer

Relationship Between Energy and Forces

Organization for Matter and Energy Flow in Organisms

Weather and Climate

Biogeology

Natural Resources

Natural Hazards

Human Impacts on Earth Systems

Defining and Delimiting an Engineering Problem

Defining Engineering Problems

Developing Possible Solutions

Optimizing the Design Solution

Patterns

Cause and Effect

Systems and System Models

Structure and Function

Influence of Engineering, Technology, and Science on Society and the Natural World

Interdependence of Science, Engineering, and Technology

Plan and conduct an investigation to compare the effects of different strengths or different directions of pushes and pulls on the motion of an object.

Analyze data to determine if a design solution works as intended to change the speed or direction of an object with a push or a pull.

Make observations to determine the effect of sunlight on Earth's surface.

Use tools and materials to design and build a structure that will reduce the warming effect of sunlight on an area.

Use observations to describe patterns of what plants and animals (including humans) need to survive.

Use and share observations of local weather conditions to describe patterns over time.

Construct an argument supported by evidence for how plants and animals (including humans) can change the environment to meet their needs.

Use a model to represent the relationship between the needs of different plants or animals (including humans) and the places they live.

Ask questions to obtain information about the purpose of weather forecasting to prepare for, and respond to, severe weather.

Communicate solutions that will reduce the impact of humans on the land, water, air, and/or other living things in the local environment.

Ask questions, make observations, and gather information about a situation people want to change to define a simple problem that can be solved through the development of a new or improved object or tool.

Develop a simple sketch, drawing, or physical model to illustrate how the shape of an object helps it function as needed to solve a given problem.

Analyze data from tests of two objects designed to solve the same problem to compare the strengths and weaknesses of how each performs.

Analyzing data in K–2 builds on prior experiences and progresses to collecting, recording, and sharing observations.

Asking questions and defining problems in grades K–2 builds on prior experiences and progresses to simple descriptive questions that can be tested.

Constructing explanations and designing solutions in K–2 builds on prior experiences and progresses to the use of evidence and ideas in constructing evidence-based accounts of natural phenomena and designing solutions.

Modeling in K–2 builds on prior experiences and progresses to include using and developing models (i.e., diagram, drawing, physical replica, diorama, dramatization, storyboard) that represent concrete events or design solutions.

Obtaining, evaluating, and communicating information in K–2 builds on prior experiences and uses observations and texts to communicate new information.

Planning and carrying out investigations to answer questions or test solutions to problems in K–2 builds on prior experiences and progresses to simple investigations, based on fair tests, which provide data to support explanations or design solutions.

Scientists use different ways to study the world.

Scientists look for patterns and order when making observations about the world.

Pushes and pulls can have different strengths and directions.

Pushing or pulling on an object can change the speed or direction of its motion and can start or stop it.

When objects touch or collide, they push on one another and can change motion.

Sunlight warms Earth's surface.

A bigger push or pull makes things speed up or slow down more quickly.

All animals need food in order to live and grow. They obtain their food from plants or from other animals. Plants need water and light to live and grow.

Weather is the combination of sunlight, wind, snow or rain, and temperature in a particular region at a particular time. People measure these conditions to describe and record the weather and to notice patterns over time.

Plants and animals can change their environment.

Living things need water, air, and resources from the land, and they live in places that have the things they need. Humans use natural resources for everything they do.

Some kinds of severe weather are more likely than others in a given region. Weather scientists forecast severe weather so that the communities can prepare for and respond to these events.

Things that people do to live comfortably can affect the world around them. But they can make choices that reduce their impacts on the land, water, air, and other living things.

Asking questions, making observations, and gathering information are helpful in thinking about problems.

A situation that people want to change or create can be approached as a problem to be solved through engineering.

Before beginning to design a solution, it is important to clearly understand the problem.

A situation that people want to change or create can be approached as a problem to be solved through engineering. Such problems may have many acceptable solutions.

Designs can be conveyed through sketches, drawings, or physical models. These representations are useful in communicating ideas for a problem's solutions to other people.

Because there is always more than one possible solution to a problem, it is useful to compare and test designs.

Patterns in the natural and human designed world can be observed and used as evidence.

Patterns in the natural world can be observed, used to describe phenomena, and used as evidence.

Simple tests can be designed to gather evidence to support or refute student ideas about causes.

Events have causes that generate observable patterns.

Systems in the natural and designed world have parts that work together.

The shape and stability of structures of natural and designed objects are related to their function(s).

People depend on various technologies in their lives; human life would be very different without technology.

People encounter questions about the natural world every day.

Analyze data from tests of an object or tool to determine if it works as intended.

Use observations (firsthand or from media) to describe patterns in the natural world in order to answer scientific questions.

Ask questions based on observations to find more information about the designed world.

Ask questions based on observations to find more information about the natural and/or designed world(s).

Define a simple problem that can be solved through the development of a new or improved object or tool.

Use tools and materials provided to design and build a device that solves a specific problem or a solution to a specific problem.

Use a model to represent relationships in the natural world.

Read grade-appropriate texts and/or use media to obtain scientific information to describe patterns in the natural world.

Communicate solutions with others in oral and/or written forms using models and/or drawings that provide detail about scientific ideas.

With guidance, plan and conduct an investigation in collaboration with peers.

Make observations (firsthand or from media) to collect data that can be used to make comparisons.