United States History and Geography

Social Studies Practices

The Rise of Industrialization (1877-1900): Students will analyze the transformation of the American economy and the changing social and political conditions in the United States in response to the rise of industrialization, large scale rural-to-urban migration, and mass immigration from Southern and Eastern Europe and Asia.

The Progressive Era (1890-1920): Students will analyze the changing national landscape, including the growth of cities and the demand for political, economic, and social reforms, during the early 20th century.

Imperialism and World War I (1890-1920): Students will trace the rise of the United States as a world power during the 20th century and examine the country’s role in World War I.

The 1920s (1920-1929): Students will describe how the battle between traditionalism and modernism manifested in the major historical trends and events post-World War I.

The Great Depression and New Deal (1929-1941): Students will analyze the causes and effects of the Great Depression and how the New Deal fundamentally changed the role of the U.S. government.

World War II (1936-1945): Students will analyze the United States’ path to and participation in World War II and examine the implications for the nation at home and abroad.

Cold War (1947-1991): Students will analyze the response of the United States to communism after World War II.

1950s at Home (1950s-1963): Students will examine American cultural, economic, political, and societal developments following World War II at home.

Kennedy and Johnson Years (1961-1969): Students will examine American cultural, economic, political, and societal developments during the administrations of President John F. Kennedy and President Lyndon B. Johnson.

Civil Rights Movement (1950s-1960s): Students will examine the origins, goals, key events, and accomplishments of the Civil Rights Movement in the United States. (T.C.A. § 49-6-1006)

The Vietnam War (1950s-1970s): Students will analyze the path of the United States participation in the Vietnam War and examine the implications for the nation at home and abroad.

The Modern United States (1970s-present): Students will examine important events and trendsfrom the 1970s to the present.

Collect data and information from a variety of primary and secondary sources, including:

Critically examine a primary or secondary source in order to:

Synthesize data from a variety of sources in order to:

Construct and communicate arguments by citing supporting evidence to:

Develop historical awareness by:

Develop geographic awareness by:

Reconstruction

Westward Expansion

Gilded Age

Printed materials

Graphic representations

Field observations/Landscape analysis

Artifacts

Media and technology sources

Oral History

Extract, summarize, and paraphrase significant ideas and relevant information

Discern differences between evidence and assertion

Recognize the significance of author’s purpose, point of view, and bias

Draw logical inferences and conclusions

Assess the strengths and limitations of arguments

Establish accuracy and validity by comparing sources to each other

Recognize disparities among multiple accounts

Frame appropriate questions for further investigation

Demonstrate and defend an understanding of ideas

Compare and contrast viewpoints

Illustrate cause and effect

Predict likely outcomes

Devise new outcomes or solutions

Engage in appropriate civic discourse

Recognizing how and why historical accounts change over time

Perceiving and presenting past events and issues as they might have been experienced by the people of the time, with historical empathy vs. present- mindedness

Evaluating how unique circumstances of time and place create context and contribute to action and reaction

Identifying patterns of continuity and change over time, making connections to the present

Analyzing and determining the use of diverse types of maps based on the origin, authority, structure, context, and validity

Using the geographic perspective to analyze relationships, patterns, and diffusion across space at multiple scales

Analyzing locations, conditions, and connections of places and using maps to investigate spatial associations among phenomena

Examining how geographers use regions and how perceptions of regions are fluid across time and space

Analyzing interaction between humans and the physical environment

Summarize the major events of Reconstruction, and explain the impact of the Compromise of 1877, including the founding of the Ku Klux Klan and lynching.

Identify the rights provided by the 14th and 15th amendments, and analyze the efforts to resist them, including Jim Crow laws, disenfranchisement methods, and the Plessy v. Ferguson decision. (T.C.A. § 49 -6-1006)

Summarize the efforts of Benjamin "Pap" Singleton and the Exodusters.

Explain how the Homestead Act and the Transcontinental Railroad impacted the settlement and physical landscape of the West.

Examine federal policies toward American Indians, including the movement to reservations, assimilation, boarding schools, and the Dawes Act.

Explain the characteristics and impact of the Granger movement and populism, emphasizing the conflicts between farmers and the railroads (i.e., credit mobilier and Interstate Commerce Act).

Describe the differences between “old” and “new” immigrants, including:

Analyze the causes and consequences of Gilded Age politics and economics as well as the significance of the rise of political machines, major scandals, civil service reform, and the economic difference between wage earners and industrial capitalists, including the following:

Describe the changes in American life that resulted from the inventions and innovations of business leaders and entrepreneurs of the period, and evaluate the business practices of:

Determine the impacts of increased immigration on American society, including:

Compare and contrast the concepts of social Darwinism and the Social Gospel.

Describe the rise of trusts and monopolies, their impact on consumers and workers, and the government’s response, including the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890.

Describe working conditions in industries during this era, including the use of women and children as a labor source.

Explain the rise of the labor movement, union tactics (e.g., strikes), the role of leaders (e.g., Eugene Debs and Samuel Gompers), and the responses of management and government.

Compare and contrast the ideas and philosophies of Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. Du Bois. (T.C.A. § 49-6-1006)

Explain the roles played by muckrakers and progressive idealists, including:

Analyze the significant progressive achievements during Theodore Roosevelt’s administration, including:

Analyze the goals and achievements of the Progressive movement, including:

Analyze the significant progressive achievements during President Woodrow Wilson’s administration, including:

Describe the movement to achieve suffrage for women, including the significance of:

Assess the causes of American imperialism in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, including the desire for raw materials and new markets, American nationalism, and yellow journalism.

Compare and contrast the arguments of imperialists and non-imperialists of the period.

Describe the effects of American imperialism, including:

Compare and contrast the motivations behind President Theodore Roosevelt’s Big Stick diplomacy (i.e., militarism/expansionism), President William Howard Taft’s Dollar Diplomacy (i.e., economics), and President Woodrow Wilson’s Moral Diplomacy (i.e., nationalism).

Explain the causes of World War I, including militarism, alliances, nationalism, imperialism, assassination, and the reasons for the initial declaration of U.S. neutrality.

Explain the reasons for U.S. entry into World War I, including the use of unrestricted submarine warfare, the Zimmerman Telegram, the defense of democracy, and economic motivations.

Identify and explain the impact of the following on World War I (T.C.A. § 49-6-1006):

Analyze the political, economic, and social ramifications of World War I on the home front, including:

Analyze the significance of President Woodrow Wilson’s contributions to the Treaty of Versailles, including the Fourteen Points, the causes and effects of the U.S. rejection of the League of Nations, and the subsequent impact on world politics.

Analyze the impact of the Great Migration of African Americans that began in the post-World War I era from the rural South to the industrial regions of the Northeast and Midwest. (T.C.A. § 49-6-1006)

Describe the growth and effects that radio and movies played in the emergence of popular culture, such as advertising, celebrities, news, and entertainment.

Examine how the use of the radio helped grow the popularity of country and blues music, including the rise of the Grand Ole Opry, W.C. Handy, and Bessie Smith. (T.C.A. § 49 -6-1006)

Describe the impact of new technologies of the era, including the advent of air travel and spread of electricity.

Describe the impact of Henry T. Ford, the automobile, and the mass production of automobiles on the American economy and society.

Analyze the impact of the Harlem Renaissance and its important figures on American culture, including (T.C.A. § 49- 6-1006):

Describe changes and limitations in the social and economic status of women during this era, including flappers, birth control, clerical and office jobs, and the rise of women’s colleges.

Examine challenges and advancements related to the push for civil liberties, including (T.C.A. § 49-6- 1006):

Describe the Scopes Trial of 1925, including the major figures (i.e., John Scopes, William Jennings Bryan, and Clarence Darrow), two sides of the controversy (i.e., fundamentalism and modernism), the outcome, and the legacy.

Describe the impacts of the 18th Amendment and Prohibition on American society, including the rise of organized crime, bootlegging, speakeasies, and the eventual repeal with the 21st Amendment.

Analyze the advantages and disadvantages of President Warren G. Harding's and President Calvin Coolidge's economic policies and their impact on culture of the United States as a result of credit expansion, consumerism, and financial speculation.

Analyze the causes of the Great Depression, including:

Explain the causes of the Dust Bowl, and its social, geographic, and economic impacts.

Describe the impact of the Great Depression on the American people, including mass unemployment, migration, and Hoovervilles.

Describe the steps taken by President Herbert Hoover to address the depression, including his philosophy of “Rugged Individualism,” public works projects, the Reconstruction Finance Corporation, and response to the “Bonus Army.”

Analyze the impact of the relief, recovery, and reform efforts of President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s New Deal programs, including:

Analyze the effects of and the controversies arising from New Deal economic policies, including charges of socialism and President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s “court packing” attempt.

Explain the rise and spread of fascism, communism, and totalitarianism internationally, including the following leaders:

Explain the progression of key events and President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s response to world crises that lead to U.S. entry into World War II, including the Quarantine Speech, the Four Freedoms Speech, the Atlantic Charter, the Lend-Lease Act, and Pearl Harbor.

Analyze the response of the United States to the plight of European Jews before the start of the war, the U.S. liberation of concentration camps during the war, and the immigration of Holocaust survivors after the war.

Explain the role of key figures, geography and military factors on the outcomes of battles in the Pacific, European, and North African theaters of war, including:

Identify the roles and sacrifices of individual American soldiers, as well as the unique contributions of special fighting forces such as the Tuskegee Airmen, the 442nd Regimental Combat team, and the Navajo Code Talkers.

Examine the impact of World War II on economic and social conditions for African Americans, including the Fair Employment Practices Committee and the eventual integration of the armed forces by President Harry S. Truman. (T.C.A. § 49-6-1006)

Explore the effects of the large-scale growth of women entering the work force and military during World War II and the subsequent impact on American society, including Rosie the Riveter, Cornelia Fort, and the Women's Army Corp.

Describe the constitutional issues, conditions, and impact of the internment of Japanese Americans on the United States, including the Fred Korematsu v. United States of America decision.

Describe the war’s impact on the home front, including:

Describe the Manhattan Project, including Oak Ridge, Los Alamos, and Hanford, and explain President Truman's rationale for using the atomic bomb to end the war.

Explain the major outcomes of the Yalta and Potsdam Conferences (e.g., the separation of Germany, emergence of the threat of the atomic bomb, dispersal of Eastern European nations, and rising tensions between the United States and Soviet Union).

Identify and explain the reasons for the founding of the United Nations, including the role of Cordell Hull.

Describe the competition between the United States and the Soviet Union in arms development, economic dominance, and ideology, including the roles of the United Nations, NATO, and the Warsaw Pact.

Analyze the Cold War policies of containment and the Truman Doctrine, Marshall Plan, and Berlin Airlift.

Describe the causes, course, and consequences of the Korean War, including:

Explain how containment influenced Cold War policies during Dwight D. Eisenhower’s administration, including brinksmanship, “peaceful coexistence,” and the issue of the military-industrial complex.

Analyze the causes and effects of the Second Red Scare, including Americans' attitudes toward McCarthyism, blacklisting, House Un-American Activities Committee (i.e., HUAC), and Julius and Ethel Rosenberg.

Analyze the impact of prosperity and consumerism in the 1950s, including the growth of white-collar jobs, the “suburban ideal,” the impacts of and disproportionate access to the G.I. Bill, and the increased reliance on foreign oil.

Explain the impact of the baby boomer generation on the U.S. economy and culture.

Describe domestic developments during Dwight D. Eisenhower's administration, including:

Analyze the increasing impact of television and mass media on American homes, politics, and the economy.

Describe the emergence of a youth culture, including beatniks and the progression of popular music (from swing to rhythm and blues to rock ‘n’ roll), and the impact of Tennessee on the music industry, including the influence of B.B. King, Elvis Presley, Stax Records, and Sun Studio. (T.C.A. § 49-6-1006)

Explain the fears of Americans surrounding nuclear holocaust, debates over stockpiling, and the use of nuclear weapons, including:

Describe the relationship between Cuba and the United States, including the Bay of Pigs Invasion and Cuban Missile Crisis.

Describe the competition between the United States and Soviet Union for superiority in space (i.e., Sputnik and the development of NASA, Operation Paperclip), including its effects on the American education system and industry.

Describe the goals of President John F. Kennedy’s New Frontier programs to improve education, end racial discrimination, create the Peace Corps, and put a man on the moon.

Describe the goals of President Lyndon Johnson’s Great Society programs, including Medicare, urban renewal, and the War on Poverty.

Examine the decision and impacts of Brown v. Board of Education on the desegregation of schools, such as Scarboro 85, Clinton 12 and Little Rock 9. (T.C.A. § 49-6-1006)

Analyze the impact of Emmitt Till's murder and the use of mass media on the trajectory of the Civil Rights Movement.

Examine the roles and actions of civil rights advocates (e.g., Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., Malcolm X, John Lewis, Diane Nash, Thurgood Marshall, Rosa Parks) and opponents (e.g., Bull Connor, Orval Faubus, George Wallace, Strom Thurmond). (T.C.A. § 49-6-1006)

Describe the significant events in the struggle to secure civil rights for African Americans, including: (T.C.A. § 49-6-1006)

Analyze civil and voting rights legislation, including the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Voting Rights Act of 1965, the Civil Rights Act of 1968 (i.e., Fair Housing Act), and the 24th Amendment. (T.C.A. § 49-6-1006)

Analyze how the American Indian Movement, Chicano Movement, and Feminist Movement are related to the Civil Rights Movement in advancing equality across the broader spectrum of American society during this time period.

Describe the policies of Presidents' Kennedy, Johnson, and Nixon, and the causes, consequences, and progression of the Vietnam War, including:

Describe the impact of the Vietnam War on the home front, including:

Analyze different points of view that reflect the rise of social activism and the growth counterculture, including generation gap, hippies, and Woodstock.

Explain the events of President Richard Nixon’s administration, including his appeal to the “silent majority," detente, SALT, and open relationship with China.

Examine the Watergate scandal, including:

Explain the emergence of environmentalism, including the creation of the Environmental Protection Agency and disasters such as Love Canal and Three Mile Island.

Identify and explain the events of Jimmy Carter’s administration, including:

Identify and explain the events of President Ronald Reagan’s administration, including:

Identify and explain the events of President George H. W. Bush’s administration, including:

Identify and explain the events of President Bill Clinton’s administration, including:

Describe the impact of the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon, including the response of President George W. Bush and the USA PATRIOT Act.

Identify and explain the events of President George W. Bush’s administration, including:

Describe the increasing role of women and minorities in American military, politics, and economy, including (T.C.A. § 49-6-1006):

Explain how the legislative and judicial branches expanded the scope of the 14th amendment including:

Identify and explain the events of Barack Obama’s administration including:

Urbanization

Angel Island

Ellis Island

Push-pull factors

Ethnic clusters

Spoils System

Boss Tweed

President Garfield’s Assassination

Thomas Nast

Pendleton Act

Alexander Graham Bell

Henry Bessemer

Andrew Carnegie

Thomas Edison

Lewis Latimer

J.P. Morgan

John D. Rockefeller

Nikola Tesla

Cornelius Vanderbilt

Madam C.J. Walker

Competition for jobs

Rise of Nativism

Chinese Exclusion Act and Gentleman’s Agreement

Jane Addams

Jacob Riis

Upton Sinclair

Lincoln Steffens

Ida Tarbell

Ida B. Wells-Barnett

Square Deal

Meat Inspection Act

“Trust-busting”

Support for conservation

Pure Food and Drug Act

Adoption of the initiative, referendum, and recall

Adoption of the primary system

16th Amendment

17th Amendment

New Freedom

Federal Reserve Act

Creation of the National Park Service

Clayton Antitrust Act of 1914

Leaders such as Carrie Chapman Catt, Anne Dallas Dudley, and Alice Paul

Activities of suffragists

Passage of the 19th Amendment, including the role of Tennessee

Legacy of Susan B. Anthony

Spanish-American War

Annexation of Hawaii

Panama Canal

Philippine Insurrection

Access to Cuba

Roosevelt Corollary

Trench warfare

Use of new weapons and technology

John J. Pershing

Harlem Hell Fighters

Alvin C. York

Role played by women and minorities

Voluntary rationing

Committee on Public Information (i.e., Creel Committee)

Opposition by conscientious objectors

Schenck v. United States decision

Louis Armstrong

Duke Ellington

Langston Hughes

Zora Neale Hurston

James Weldon Johnson

First Red Scare

Immigration Quota Acts of the 1920s

Resurgence of the Ku Klux Klan

Black Wallstreet and Tulsa Massacre

Rise of the NAACP

Efforts of Ida B. Wells-Barnett

Emergence of Garveyism

Bank failures

Laissez-faire politics

Buying on margin

Overextension of credit

Crash of the stock market

Overproduction in agriculture

Excess consumerism in manufacturing

High tariffs

Rising unemployment

Agricultural Adjustment Act

Civilian Conservation Corps

Securities and Exchange Commission

Fair Labor Standards Act

Social Security

Federal Deposit Insurance

Tennessee Valley Authority

Works Progress Administration

National Recovery Administration

Adolf Hitler

Benito Mussolini

Joseph Stalin

Hideki Tojo

Winston Churchill

Dwight D. Eisenhower

Douglas MacArthur

George Patton

President Harry S. Truman

Battles of Midway, Iwo Jima, and Okinawa

Normandy

Battle of the Bulge

Invasion of Sicily

Actions of the 101st Airborne

Rationing

Bracero program

Zoot Suit Riots

Bond drives

Conversion of factories for wartime

Propaganda production

Movement to cities and industrial areas

Domino theory

Entry of communist China

38th parallel

Final division of the Korean Peninsula

Polio vaccine

Interstate Highway System

Growth of suburbia

Hotel chains

Fast food chains

Atomic testing

Civil defense

Mutual assured destruction

Fallout shelters

Highlander Folk School

Montgomery Bus Boycott

Tent City in Fayette County, TN

Nashville sit-ins

Freedom Riders

Birmingham bombings of 1963

Freedom Summer

March on Washington, D.C.

March on Selma

Memphis sanitation strike and assassination of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.

Escalation

Geneva Accords

Gulf of Tonkin Resolution

Ho Chi Minh

Napalm and Agent Orange

Tet Offensive

Vietnamization

Anti-war movement

Draft by lottery

Effects of Agent Orange

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

Role of television and the media

Background of the break-in

Changing role of media and journalism

Legacy of distrust (e.g., government)

United States vs. Nixon

Controversy surrounding President Gerald Ford’s pardon

Crisis of Confidence speech

Poor economy

Energy crisis

Panama Canal Treaty

Iran Hostage Crisis

Camp David Accords

Resurgence of nationalism

“War on Drugs”

Reaganomics

Strategic Defense Initiative

Iran-Contra affair

AIDS epidemic

Challenger disaster

Appointment of Sandra Day O’Connor

The invasion of Panama

The Gulf War

Debates over the increasing budget and taxation

NAFTA

Welfare-to-work

Scandals and subsequent impeachment

Balanced budget hearings

Family Medical Leave Act

Humanitarian efforts in Bosnia-Herzegovina

The widespread use of the internet

No Child Left Behind

Wars in Afghanistan and Iraq

Economic recession (i.e., housing market crisis)

Hillary Clinton

Colin Powell

Condoleezza Rice

Nancy Pelosi

Sonia Sotomayor

Individuals with Disabilities Education Act

Americans with Disabilities Act

Obergefell vs. Hodges

The Affordable Care Act

Every Student Succeeds Act

American presense in the Middle East