Grade 2

Matter and its Interactions

Ecosystems: Interactions, Energy, and Dynamics

Biological Evolution: Unity and Diversity

Earth's Place in the Universe

Earth's Systems

Engineering Design

Science and Engineering Practices

Disciplinary Core Ideas

Crosscutting Concepts

Students who demonstrate understanding can:

Students who demonstrate understanding can:

Students who demonstrate understanding can:

Students who demonstrate understanding can:

Students who demonstrate understanding can:

Students who demonstrate understanding can:

Analyzing and Interpreting Data

Asking Questions and Defining Problems

Constructing Explanations and Designing Solutions

Developing and Using Models

Engaging in Argument from Evidence

Obtaining, Evaluating, and Communicating Information

Planning and Carrying Out Investigations

Scientific Knowledge is Based on Empirical Evidence

Science Models, Laws, Mechanisms, and Theories Explain Natural Phenomena

Structure and Properties of Matter

Chemical Reactions

Interdependent Relationships in Ecosystems

Biodiversity and Humans

The History of Planet Earth

Earth Materials and Systems

Plate Tectonics and Large-Scale System Interactions

The Roles of Water in Earth's Surface Processes

Defining and Delimiting an Engineering Problem

Optimizing the Design Solution

Patterns

Cause and Effect

Energy and Matter

Structure and Function

Stability and Change

Influence of Engineering, Technology, and Science on Society and the Natural World

Science Addresses Questions About the Natural and Material World

Plan and conduct an investigation to describe and classify different kinds of materials by their observable properties.

Analyze data obtained from testing different materials to determine which materials have the properties that are best suited for an intended purpose.

Make observations to construct an evidence-based account of how an object made of a small set of pieces can be disassembled and made into a new object.

Construct an argument with evidence that some changes caused by heating or cooling can be reversed and some cannot.

Plan and conduct an investigation to determine if plants need sunlight and water to grow.

Develop a simple model that mimics the function of an animal in dispersing seeds or pollinating plants.

Make observations of plants and animals to compare the diversity of life in different habitats.

Use information from several sources to provide evidence that Earth events can occur quickly or slowly.

Compare multiple solutions designed to slow or prevent wind or water from changing the shape of the land.

Develop a model to represent the shapes and kinds of land and bodies of water in an area.

Obtain information to identify where water is found on Earth and that it can be solid or liquid.

Ask questions, make observations, and gather information about a situation people want to change to define a simple problem that can be solved through the development of a new or improved object or tool.

Develop a simple sketch, drawing, or physical model to illustrate how the shape of an object helps it function as needed to solve a given problem.

Analyze data from tests of two objects designed to solve the same problem to compare the strengths and weaknesses of how each performs.

Analyzing data in K–2 builds on prior experiences and progresses to collecting, recording, and sharing observations.

Asking questions and defining problems in grades K–2 builds on prior experiences and progresses to simple descriptive questions that can be tested.

Constructing explanations and designing solutions in K–2 builds on prior experiences and progresses to the use of evidence and ideas in constructing evidence-based accounts of natural phenomena and designing solutions.

Modeling in K–2 builds on prior experiences and progresses to include using and developing models (i.e., diagram, drawing, physical replica, diorama, dramatization, storyboard) that represent concrete events or design solutions.

Engaging in argument from evidence in K–2 builds on prior experiences and progresses to comparing ideas and representations about the natural and designed world(s).

Obtaining, evaluating, and communicating information in K–2 builds on prior experiences and uses observations and texts to communicate new information.

Planning and carrying out investigations to answer questions or test solutions to problems in K–2 builds on prior experiences and progresses to simple investigations, based on fair tests, which provide data to support explanations or design solutions.

Scientists look for patterns and order when making observations about the world.

Scientists search for cause and effect relationships to explain natural events.

Different kinds of matter exist and many of them can be either solid or liquid, depending on temperature. Matter can be described and classified by its observable properties.

Different properties are suited to different purposes.

A great variety of objects can be built up from a small set of pieces.

Heating or cooling a substance may cause changes that can be observed. Sometimes these changes are reversible, and sometimes they are not.

Plants depend on water and light to grow.

Plants depend on animals for pollination or to move their seeds around.

There are many different kinds of living things in any area, and they exist in different places on land and in water.

Some events happen very quickly; others occur very slowly, over a time period much longer than one can observe.

Wind and water can change the shape of the land.

Maps show where things are located. One can map the shapes and kinds of land and water in any area.

Water is found in the ocean, rivers, lakes, and ponds. Water exists as solid ice and in liquid form.

Asking questions, making observations, and gathering information are helpful in thinking about problems.

A situation that people want to change or create can be approached as a problem to be solved through engineering.

Before beginning to design a solution, it is important to clearly understand the problem.

Because there is always more than one possible solution to a problem, it is useful to compare and test designs.

Patterns in the natural and human designed world can be observed.

Patterns in the natural world can be observed.

Simple tests can be designed to gather evidence to support or refute student ideas about causes.

Events have causes that generate observable patterns.

Objects may break into smaller pieces and be put together into larger pieces, or change shapes.

The shape and stability of structures of natural and designed objects are related to their function(s).

Things may change slowly or rapidly.

Every human-made product is designed by applying some knowledge of the natural world and is built using materials derived from the natural world.

Developing and using technology has impacts on the natural world.

Scientists study the natural and material world.

Analyze data from tests of an object or tool to determine if it works as intended.

Ask questions based on observations to find more information about the natural and/or designed world(s).

Define a simple problem that can be solved through the development of a new or improved object or tool.

Make observations (firsthand or from media) to construct an evidence-based account for natural phenomena.

Make observations from several sources to construct an evidence-based account for natural phenomena.

Compare multiple solutions to a problem.

Develop a simple model based on evidence to represent a proposed object or tool.

Develop a model to represent patterns in the natural world.

Construct an argument with evidence to support a claim.

Obtain information using various texts, text features (e.g., headings, tables of contents, glossaries, electronic menus, icons), and other media that will be useful in answering a scientific question.

Plan and conduct an investigation collaboratively to produce data to serve as the basis for evidence to answer a question.

Make observations (firsthand or from media) to collect data which can be used to make comparisons.