Second Grade

Structure and Properties of Matter

Earth’s Systems: Processes that Shape the Earth

Interdependent Relationships in Ecosystems

 Engineering Design

 Plan and conduct an investigation to describe and classify different kinds of materials by their observable properties. 

Analyze data obtained from testing different materials to determine which materials have the properties that are best suited for an intended purpose.*

Make observations to construct an evidence-based account of how an object made of a small set of pieces can be disassembled & made into a new object. 

Construct an argument with evidence that some changes caused by heating or cooling can be reversed and some cannot.

Compare multiple solutions designed to slow or prevent wind or water from changing the shape of the land.*

Develop a model to represent the shapes and kinds of land and bodies of water in an area. 

Obtain information to identify where water is found on Earth and that it can be solid or liquid.

Plan and conduct an investigation to determine if plants need sunlight and water to grow.  

Develop a simple model that mimics the function of an animal in dispersing seeds or pollinating plants. 

Make observations of plants and animals to compare the diversity of life in different habitats.

Ask questions, make observations, and gather information about a situation people want to change to define a simple problem that can be solved through the development of a new or improved object or tool.

Develop a simple sketch, drawing, or physical model to illustrate how the shape of an object helps it function as needed to solve a given problem.

Analyze data from tests of two objects designed to solve the same problem to compare the strengths and weaknesses of how each performs.

[Clarification Statement: Observations could include color, texture, hardness, and flexibility. Patterns could include the similar properties that different materials share.]

Plan and conduct an investigation collaboratively to produce data to serve as the basis for evidence to answer a question

Different kinds of matter exist and many of them can be either solid or liquid, depending on temperature. Matter can be described and classified by its observable properties.

Patterns in the natural and human designed world can be observed. 

Matter can be described and classified by its observable properties. (2-PS1-1) 

[Clarification Statement: Examples of properties could include: strength, flexibility, hardness, texture, and absorbency.]

 Analyze data from tests of an object or tool to determine if it works as intended. 

Different properties are suited to different purposes. (2-PS1-2)

Simple tests can be designed to gather evidence to support or refute student ideas about causes.

Every human-made product is designed by applying some knowledge of the natural world and is built using materials derived from the natural world. 

[Clarification Statement: Examples of pieces could include blocks, building bricks, or other assorted small objects.]

Different properties are suited to different purposes.   

A great variety of objects can be built up from a small set of pieces. 

Objects may break into smaller pieces and be put together into larger pieces, or change shapes.

Make observations (firsthand or from media) to construct an evidence-based account for natural phenomena. (2-PS1-3)

[Clarification Statement: Examples of reversible changes could include materials such as water and butter at different temperatures. Examples of irreversible changes could include cooking an egg, freezing a plant leaf, and heating paper.]

Heating or cooling a substance may cause changes that can be observed. Sometimes these changes are reversible, and sometimes they are not. 

Events have causes that generate observable patterns.

Construct an argument with evidence to support a claim.

Scientists search for cause and effect relationships to explain natural events. 

[Clarification Statement: Examples of solutions could include different designs of dikes and windbreaks to hold back wind and water, and different designs for using shrubs, grass, and trees to hold back the land.]

Compare multiple solutions to a problem. 

Wind and water can change the shape of the land. 

Because there is always more than one possible solution to a problem, it is useful to compare and test designs. 

Scientists study the natural and material world.

Developing and using technology has impacts on the natural world.

Things may change slowly or rapidly.

Developing and using technology has impacts on the natural world. 

Scientists study the natural and material world. 

Develop a model to represent patterns in the natural world. 

Develop a model to represent patterns in the natural world. 

Maps show where things are located. One can map the shapes and kinds of land and water in any area. 

Patterns in the natural world can be observed.

Water is found in the ocean, rivers, lakes, and ponds. Water exists as solid ice and in liquid form. 

Patterns in the natural world can be observed. 

Obtain information using various texts, text features (e.g., headings, tables of contents, glossaries, electronic menus, icons), and other media that will be useful in answering a scientific question. 

Plan and conduct an investigation collaboratively to produce data to serve as the basis for evidence to answer a question. 

Plants depend on water and light to grow.

Events have causes that generate observable patterns.

Develop a simple model based on evidence to represent a proposed object or tool. 

Plants depend on animals for pollination or to move their seeds around. 

Designs can be conveyed through sketches, drawings, or physical models. These representations are useful in communicating ideas for a problem’s solutions to other people. (secondary to 2-LS2-2)

[Clarification Statement: Emphasis is on the diversity of living things in each of a variety of different habitats.] 

Make observations (firsthand or from media) to collect data which can be used to make comparisons. 

There are many different kinds of living things in any area, and they exist in different places on land and in water. 

Ask questions based on observations to find more information about the natural and/or designed world. 

Define a simple problem that can be solved through the development of a new or improved object or tool. 

Define a simple problem that can be solved through the development of a new or improved object or tool. 

Asking questions, making observations, and gathering information are helpful in thinking about problems. 

Before beginning to design a solution, it is important to clearly understand the problem. 

Develop a simple model based on evidence to represent a proposed object or tool. 

Designs can be conveyed through sketches, drawings, or physical models. These representations are useful in communicating ideas for a problem’s solutions to other people. 

The shape and stability of structures of natural and designed objects are related to their function(s).

Analyze data from tests of an object or tool to determine if it works as intended. 

Because there is always more than one possible solution to a problem, it is useful to compare and test designs.