H.4.AAH.5

Analyze various experiences and responses to challenges of African American men and women from post-Reconstruction through the Jim Crow time period and early 20th century:<ul><li>Art and entertainment: (e.g., Harlem Renaissance)</li><li>Education: (e.g., rising literacy rates, establishment of historically black colleges and universities, Booker T. Washington, W.E.B. Du Bois, Joseph Albert Booker)</li><li>Entrepreneurship: (e.g., Samuel T. Wilcox, Robert Gordon, Annie Malone, Frederick and Charles Patterson, Maggie Lena Walker, Madam C. J. Walker)</li><li>Religion: (e.g., growth of African Methodist Episcopal denomination [AME] and establishment of National Baptist Convention)</li><li>Political organizations and affiliations</li><li>Segregation and discrimination: (e.g., Jim Crow laws, Plessy vs. Ferguson, "sundown towns," lynchings)</li></ul>