Grade 5

Students reconstruct, interpret, and critique the causes and consequences of past events in the context of the institutions, values, and beliefs of the periods in which they took place.

Students investigate historical experiences of American Samoa, Oceania, the U.S., and the world to reveal patterns of continuity and change.

Students cite evidence that cultures are dynamic and change over time.

Students research and report on where people and places are located and why, utilizing multiple geographic representations and tools (maps, globes, geospatial technologies).

Students draw conclusions about changes in the relationship between people, places, and environments.

Students analyze how people create, learn, share, and adapt to culture.

Students synthesize the sociocultural interactions among individuals, groups, and institutions to investigate structures of power and their impacts on authority and governance.

Students apply concepts to explain how people organize for the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services.

Explain how historical events might have turned out differently if specific individuals or groups had chosen different courses of action

Analyze how the beliefs and education of the society in which a person resides shape his/her “point of view”

Describe past communities in the context of the time period they existed without imposing present norms and values on historical events

Analyze political, religious, and economic aspects of European colonization of the U.S., and its affiliated states of the Pacific

Investigate reasons for emerging establishments in the colonies (e.g., conflicts among colonists, religious developments, and economic life in New England or Chesapeake or Southern colonies, American Samoa or other U.S.-affiliated regions)

Draw conclusions about how culture changes in response to changing needs, concerns, social, political, and geographic conditions

Hypothesize how people from different cultures develop different values and ways of interpreting experiences over time

Use geographic tools (e.g., historical maps, elevation, relief maps, and map scales) to further understand a significant event or issue in U.S. history

Recognize the role and activities of government with regards to keeping track of changes to local geography and impacts on the environment

Explain how colonization, westward expansion, immigration, and advances in transportation and communication changed geographic and demographic patterns in the U.S.

Describe the geographic factors that influence patterns of settlement and the distribution of population in the U.S., past and present

Compare the views of indigenous peoples (Samoans, Native Americans) and non-indigenous peoples (Europeans and Americans) regarding the relationship between humans and the land

Apply concepts such as cohesion, diversity, and accommodation to local situations of conflict and cooperation

Explain how colonial governments in the U.S.-affiliated Pacific (i.e., regions in the Pacific that are in political relationship with the U.S.) were based on key principles underlying American democracy, including social contract, majority rule, and equality of opportunity

Identify the three branches of the U.S. government, and explain how the checks and balances system works

Determine how various individuals and groups expanded opportunities for civic participation in the early history of the U.S. (e.g., abolitionists)

Describe the economic patterns of early settlements in North America and Oceania/Pacific islands

Describe how the uneven distribution of productive resources influenced historical events in the U.S.

Assess how mercantilism and the establishment of colonies in America led to increased global trading during the 17th and 18th centuries