Seventh

America Becomes a World Power

World War I: "The Great War" 1914-1918

The Russian Revolution

America from the Twenties to the New Deal

World War II

Geography of the United States

Expansion of the U.S. Navy, Captain Alfred T. Mahan

U.S. annexation of Hawaii

"The Spanish-American War Cuban War for Independence, José Martí Teddy Roosevelt and the Rough Riders Spain gives the U.S. Guam, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines"

Complications of imperialism: War with the Philippines, Anti-Imperialist League

"Building the Panama Canal: “Roosevelt Corollary” to the Monroe Doctrine, “Speak softly and carry a big stick.”"

History

Geography of Western and Central Europe

History

Geography

America in the Twenties

The Great Depression

Roosevelt and the New Deal

The Rise of Totalitarianism in Europe

World War II in Europe and at home, 1939-45

World War II in the Pacific, and the End of the War

Political, economic, and social features The fifty states and their capitals (review), Washington, D. C., Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands, Guam

Cities: Atlanta, Baltimore, Birmingham, Boston, Charlotte, Chicago, Cincinnati, Cleveland, Dallas, Denver, Detroit, Houston, Kansas City, Los Angeles, Memphis, Miami, Milwaukee, Minneapolis, New Orleans, Norfolk, Philadelphia, Phoenix, Pittsburgh, Portland, St. Louis, San Antonio, San Diego, San Francisco, Seattle, Tampa

 Population Expansion of settlement Population density

Regions New England Mid-Atlantic South: “Dixie,” Mason-Dixon Line, Bible Belt Middle West: Rust Belt, Corn Belt Southwest: Sun Belt Mountain States West Coast: San Andreas fault, California aqueduct (water supply) system Coal, oil, and natural gas deposits Agricultural crop regions

New York City Bronx, Brooklyn, Manhattan, Queens, Staten Island Broadway, Fifth Avenue, Madison Avenue, Park Avenue, Times Square, Wall Street Central Park, Harlem, Greenwich Village

"National pride and greed as causes: European nationalism, militarism, and colonialism The British Empire: Queen Victoria Italy becomes a nation: Garibaldi German nationalism and militarism: Bismarck unifies Germany, war against France, France cedes Alsace-Lorraine to Germany European imperialism and rivalries in Africa Stanley and Livingstone British invade Egypt to protect Suez Canal French in North Africa Berlin Conference and the “scramble for Africa”"

Entangling defense treaties: Allies vs. Central Powers, Archduke Ferdinand assassinated

 The Western Front and Eastern Front, Gallipoli, Lawrence of Arabia

" War of attrition and the scale of losses: Battle of the Marne (1914), new war technologies (for example, machine guns, tanks, airplanes, submarines), trench warfare"

U.S. neutrality ends: sinking of the Lusitania, “Make the world safe for democracy”

Armistice Day, Nov. 11, 1918, abdication of Kaiser Wilhelm II

Treaty of Versailles New central European states and national boundaries German reparations and disarmament

Woodrow Wilson’s 14 Points League of Nations, concept of collective security

"Physical features Mountains: Alps, Apennines, Carpathians, Pyrenees Danube and Rhine Rivers Seas: Adriatic, Aegean, Baltic, Black, Mediterranean, North"

Population and natural resources, acid rain damage 

Languages, major religions

Legacy of Roman Empire: city sites, transportation routes

Industrial Revolution leads to urbanization (review from grade 6)

Scandinavia: comprised of Denmark, Norway, Sweden, sometimes also includes Finland and Iceland Cities: Copenhagen (Denmark), Oslo (Norway), Stockholm (Sweden), Helsinki (Finland)

United Kingdom: comprised of Great Britain (England, Scotland, Wales) and Northern Ireland Irish Sea, English Channel North Sea: gas and oil England: London, Thames River Scotland: Glasgow, Edinburgh Northern Ireland: Ulster and Belfast, Catholic-Protestant strife Ireland: Dublin (review from grade 6: famine of 1840s, mass emigration)

France Alps, Mont Blanc Seine and Rhone Rivers Bay of Biscay, Strait of Dover Corsica (island) Major cities: Paris, Lyon, Marseilles

Belgium, Netherlands (Holland), and Luxembourg Cities: Brussels (Belgium), Amsterdam, Rotterdam, The Hague (Netherlands)

Germany Cities: Berlin, Bonn, Hamburg, Munich Ruhr Valley: mining region, industrial cities including Essen Largest population in Europe, highly urbanized

Austria and Switzerland Mostly mountainous (the Alps) Cities: Vienna (Austria), Bern, Geneva (Switzerland)

Italy Apennines Sardinia and Sicily (islands) Cities: Milan, Rome, Venice, Florence Vatican City: independent state within Rome

Iberian Peninsula: Spain and Portugal Cities: Madrid (Spain), Lisbon (Portugal)

Tensions in the Russian identity: Westernizers vs. traditionalists

Revolution of 1905, “Bloody Sunday,” Russo-Japanese War

The last czar: Nicholas II and Alexandra

Economic strains of World War I

Revolutions of 1917 March Revolution ousts Czar October Revolution: Bolsheviks, Lenin and revolutionary Marxism

Civil War: Bolsheviks defeat Czarist counterrevolution, Bolsheviks become the Communist Party, creation of the Soviet Union

Overview Territorially the largest state in the world All parts exposed to Arctic air masses Little moisture reaches Russia, because of distance from Atlantic Ocean, and because Himalayas block movement of warm, moist air from south Population concentrated west of Ural Mountains Siberia: rich in resources Mongolia: Russian-dominated buffer state with China Few well-located ports Rich oil and natural gas regions

Physical features: Volga and Don Rivers (connected by canal) Caspian Sea, Aral Sea (being drained by irrigation projects) Sea of Japan, Bering Strait

Cities: Moscow, Petersburg (formerly Leningrad), Vladivostok, Volgograd (formerly Stalingrad)

Isolationism: restrictions on immigration, Red Scare, Sacco and Vanzetti, Ku Klux Klan

The “Roaring Twenties”: flappers, prohibition and gangsterism, St. Valentine’s Day Massacre, Al Capone

The Lost Generation: Ernest Hemingway, F. Scott Fitzgerald

Scopes “Monkey Trial”

Women’s right to vote: 19th Amendment

“New Negro” movement, Harlem Renaissance African American exodus from segregated South to northern cities W. E. B. Du Bois: The Souls of Black Folk, NAACP (review from grade 6) Zora Neal Hurston, Countee Cullen, Langston Hughes “The Jazz Age”: Duke Ellington, Louis Armstrong Marcus Garvey, black separatist movement

Technological advances Henry Ford’s assembly line production, Model T Residential electrification: mass ownership of radio, Will Rogers Movies: from silent to sound, Charlie Chaplin Pioneers of flight: Charles Lindbergh, Amelia Earhart Decline of rural population

Wall Street stock market Crash of ’29, “Black Tuesday”

Hoover insists on European payment of war debts, Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act

Mass unemployment Agricultural prices collapse following European peace Factory mechanization eliminates jobs Bonus Army “Hoovervilles”

The Dust Bowl, “Okie” migrations

Radicals: Huey Long, American Communist Party, Sinclair Lewis

Franklin Delano Roosevelt: “The only thing we have to fear is fear itself” Eleanor Roosevelt

The New Deal Growth of unions: John L. Lewis and the CIO (Congress of Industrial Organizations), A. Philip Randolph, Memorial Day Massacre New social welfare programs: Social Security New regulatory agencies: Securities and Exchange Commission, National Labor Relations Board Tennessee Valley Authority

Roosevelt’s use of executive power: “Imperial Presidency”, “court packing”

Italy Mussolini establishes fascism Attack on Ethiopia

Germany Weimar Republic, economic repercussions of WWI Adolf Hitler and the rise of Nazi totalitarianism: cult of the Führer (“leader”), Mein Kampf Nazism and the ideology of fascism, in contrast to communism and democracy Racial doctrines of the Nazis: anti-Semitism, the concept of Lebensraum (literally, “living space”) for the “master race,” Kristallnacht The Third Reich before the War: Gestapo, mass propaganda, book burning

The Soviet Union Communist totalitarianism: Josef Stalin, “Socialism in one country” Collectivization of agriculture Five-year plans for industrialization The Great Purge

Spanish Civil War Franco, International Brigade, Guernica

Hitler defies Versailles Treaty: reoccupation of Rhineland, Anschluss, annexation of Austria

Appeasement: Munich Agreement, “peace in our time”

Soviet-Nazi Nonaggression Pact

Blitzkrieg: invasion of Poland, fall of France, Dunkirk

Battle of Britain: Winston Churchill, “nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears, and sweat”

The Home Front in America American Lend-Lease supplies, Atlantic Charter America First movement U.S. mobilization for war: desegregation of defense industries, “Rosie the Riveter,” rationing, war bonds America races Germany to develop the atomic bomb: the Manhattan Project

Hitler invades Soviet Union: battles of Leningrad and Stalingrad

The Holocaust: “Final Solution,” concentration camps (Dachau, Auschwitz

North Africa Campaign: El Alamein

D-Day: Allied invasion of Normandy, General Dwight Eisenhower

Battle of the Bulge, bombing of Dresden

Yalta Conference

Surrender of Germany, Soviet Army takes Berlin

Historical background: Japan’s rise to power Geography of Japan (review all topics from grade 5) Sea of Japan and Korea Strait High population density, very limited farmland, heavy reliance on imported raw materials and food End of Japanese isolation, Commodore Matthew Perry Meiji Restoration: end of feudal Japan, industrialization and modernization Japanese imperialism: occupation of Korea, invasion of Manchuria, Rape of Nanking Japanese-Soviet neutrality treaty

Pearl Harbor, Dec. 7, 1941: “A day that will live in infamy.”

Internment of Japanese-Americans

Fall of the Philippines: Bataan Death March, General Douglas MacArthur, “I shall return.”

Battle of Midway

Island amphibious landings: Guadalcanal, Iwo Jima

Surrender of Japan Atom bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, the Enola Gay U.S. dictates pacifist constitution for Japan, Emperor Hirohito

Potsdam Conference, Nuremberg war crimes trials

Creation of United Nations: Security Council, Universal Declaration of Human Rights

Physical features General forms: Gulf/Atlantic coastal plain, Appalachian highlands and Piedmont, Midwest lowlands, Great Plains, Rocky Mountains, Intermountain Basin and Range, Pacific coast ranges, Arctic coastal plain Mountains: Rockies, Appalachians, Sierra Nevada, Cascades, Adirondacks, Ozarks Peaks: McKinley, Rainier, Whitney Main water features: Gulf of Mexico, Chesapeake Bay, San Francisco Bay, Puget Sound, Great Salt Lake, Great Lakes (freshwater)—Erie, Huron, Michigan, Ontario, Superior Rivers: Mississippi, Missouri, Ohio, Colorado, Hudson, Columbia, Potomac, Rio Grande, Tennessee Niagara Falls, Grand Canyon, Mojave Desert, Death Valley